Pluriactividad 2026: being autónomo and an employee at once

You can be self-employed and an employee at the same time. This is called pluriactividad, and it is entirely legal. Because you contribute to two different regimes, the Social Security compensates you with reductions in the autónomo fee and with a refund of your excess contributions. This guide explains how it works and how to make the most of it in 2026.

In short: in pluriactividad you contribute separately to the general regime (your job) and to the RETA (your self-employed activity). If between the two you exceed €17,323.68 in common-contingency contributions in the year, you are entitled to a refund of 50% of the excess (with a cap). Also, if you register as new in pluriactividad, you can choose a 50% reduction of the base for the first 18 months instead of the flat rate.
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What pluriactividad is

Pluriactividad is the situation where a person contributes simultaneously to two regimes of the Social Security. The most common case is someone with a job as an employee (contributing to the general regime) who also runs an activity on their own account (contributing to the RETA).

It should not be confused with pluriempleo, which is having two or more employee jobs (all in the general regime). In pluriactividad, the key is that they are two different regimes. The Social Security allows it without restrictions and, precisely because you contribute twice, recognises compensations.

How you contribute

In pluriactividad you cannot choose to contribute to only one regime: you contribute in full to each. In your job, the general-regime contribution is deducted from your payslip (employer and employee). As an autónomo, you pay your RETA fee based on your income bracket, like any other self-employed worker.

The consequence is that, adding the two, you may end up contributing above what the law considers reasonable. That is why the two compensation mechanisms below exist: the refund of the excess and the reductions.

Refund of excess contributions

If the sum of your common-contingency contributions in the general regime and the RETA exceeds an annual threshold, you are entitled to a refund of part of it:

New in 2026: automatic refundYou no longer have to request it. The Social Security calculates and pays the refund automatically, before 1 May of the following year. Even so, it is worth checking that it reaches you: if it does not, claim it.

Fee reductions

If you register as self-employed for the first time and are in pluriactividad, you can opt for a reduction in the RETA contribution base, as an alternative to the flat rate. The 2026 percentages are:

SituationFirst 18 monthsNext 18 months
Full-time job−50% of the base−25% of the base
Part-time job (>50%)−25% of the base−15% of the base
Incompatible with the flat rateThe pluriactividad reduction and the flat rate (€80/month) are incompatible: you must choose one at registration. Do the maths: with low self-employed income the flat rate usually wins; with high bases, the percentage reduction may be better.

How it is taxed (IRPF)

In pluriactividad you file one income tax return in which you add both types of income:

Adding both, your taxable base rises and may put you in a higher IRPF band, so it is common to owe money in the tax return. Note too that if your self-employed activity is professional, your invoices to companies already carry withholding, which reduces the final payment. Remember to keep filing your modelo 130 quarterly if it applies.

How to register if you are already an employee

The process is the same as for any autónomo: first the census registration with Hacienda (modelo 036), then the RETA registration via Import@ss. The difference is that, when registering with the Social Security, you will indicate that you are in pluriactividad to access the corresponding reduction. You do not need your employer's permission, unless your contract has an exclusivity clause or there is a conflict of interest.

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Frequently asked questions

Can I be autónomo and an employee at the same time?
Yes, it is pluriactividad and fully legal. You contribute to the general regime for your job and to the RETA for your self-employed activity. There can only be a problem if your contract has an exclusivity clause.
How much do I get refunded for pluriactividad in 2026?
If the sum of your common-contingency contributions exceeds €17,323.68 in the year, you are refunded 50% of the excess, capped at 50% of what you contributed to the RETA for common contingencies.
Do I have to request the refund?
No. Since 2026 the Social Security pays it automatically before 1 May of the following year. Still, it is worth checking that it is paid.
Can I have the flat rate and the pluriactividad reduction at once?
No, they are incompatible. At registration you must choose between the flat rate (€80/month) or the pluriactividad reduction (percentage cut of the base).
Do I need my employer's permission to become autónomo?
No, unless your contract has an exclusivity clause or your activity involves unfair competition or a conflict of interest.

Guidance based on the rules in force in 2026. The refund and reduction figures are set each year in the contribution order. This does not replace advice from a qualified adviser (gestor).